Durga Puja is a festival celebrated by Hindus during the month of Ashwin. It is a triumph of truth and justice over untruth and injustice. Goddess Bhagwat and Saptashati Chandi recount the guidance of Medhaushi to the satisfaction of Mother Durga and with his blessings the stateless king Surath regained his kingdom and Samadhi Vaishya was also able to get his desired groom. When all the gods took refuge in the oppression of Mahisasura and sought refuge in Brahma, on the advice of Brahma, Lord Vishnu and Shiva, all the gods gathered together and invaded the fort through the Maya seeds from the Yajnakunda in the ashram of Katyayan Rusi. All the gods donated their weapons to the fort, and eventually the goddess became a lion and fought Mahisasura. After a long battle, the goddess pierced Mahisa’s heart with a shovel and cut off her head with a sword. At that time, the Chaitra Shukla Paksha was the confluence of the eighth and ninth, so at this time the goddess was worshiped as a superpower. In the Tretya period, Ramchandra performed this puja in Ashwin instead of Chaitra to defeat Ravana, since then it has been known as both Chaitra Basanti Navratra and Ashwin Sharad Navratra, and both times the Mahapuja of the Goddess is prevalent. The next day of the ninth is the Vijayavasava or Vijayadasami, which refers to the tradition of the post-war victory of Maa Durga by the gods.
Goddess Durga is worshiped twice a year in India. The worship of the Shukla side of the month of Ashwin in the autumn is called ‘Devi Puja’ and the worship of the Shukla side of the month of Chaitram in the spring is called ‘Basanti Puja’. The mother of the earth, who feeds on human grain and makes a living, rejoices in the aging of the earthly queen and organizes the worship of the Jan-Manas Basanti Durga, but the Sharadiya Devi Puja has gained more popularity as a public puja. This autumn festival is celebrated in the villages of India as Dashahara. The main purpose of the festival is to worship the goddess. Like Durga Puja, the Dashahara festival is also celebrated twice a year. The eldest month, Shukladashami, is Gangamata’s birthday. This day is called the “Dashahara” or “Dashavidha” Day of Atonement, as the worship of the Ganges on this day and the bathing in the Ganges are triple sins. This date is popularly known as the ‘Ganges Dashahara’. The other Dashahara festival is celebrated on the tenth day of the lunar month of Ashwin. This is the last day of Durga Puja. This Dashahara festival is the most popular festival in India. So when we say ‘Dashahara’, everyone understands Ashwin Shukla Dashami. This date is called ‘Vijaya Dashami’ as Ramchandra praises his mother Bandurga on this Dashahara day and marches on Vijay towards Lanka for the purpose of Ravana’s death. And before the end of the day, the Lion Army killed Adya Shakti Durga, the miserable Mahisasur, and ruled over the gods. The battle of the demons with the goddess lasted for sixteen days from the eighth month of Krishnapaksha Ashtami to the ninth month of Ashwin. Shukla was from Mahama on the eighth and ninth dates. All the descendants of the Asuras, including Mahisasura, were destroyed. With the darkness of the ninth night from Mahama, the shadow of evil disappeared from the trinity, and all good deeds began on Shukla Dashmi. Adikabi Shudramuni Sarala Das writes in the Chandipurana that the world is saddened by this day and it has gained a reputation as ‘Dukha Dashmi’. The Durga is worshiped on this day as the gods are rescued from the continent on the day of ‘Dukhaha Dashami’ and the gods praise the Mahasakti Brahmayi Durgatinashini Durga.
According to the Goddess Mahatmya, she created the tradition of Durga Puja after falling in love with the corrupt king Surath after hearing ‘Chandi’. The sixteen-day puja is held at the Devi Peethas from Ashwin month Krishnapaksha Ashtami to Shuklapaksha ninth. This is called sixteen worship. On the seventh day of Shuklapaksha, earthen idols and ghats are erected. On the eighth day, Mahasthami is worshiped and sacrificed. The word “sacrifice” means a gift. Some gifts have to be given to please the world. Therefore, there is a system of sacrifice in the worship of Goddess. On the ninth day, peace befalls the goddess of blood. On the tenth day, the earthen idol and pottery are immersed in a grand ceremony. On the tenth day in Puri, Durga’s angry power is called Gosani Yat and this date is called Gosani Ekadashi. It is also called ‘Mahapuja’ because of the great bathing offerings and home arrangements in the autumn Durga Puja. It has become a great festival as the Dashahara festival is celebrated for various reasons. The significance of the festival is said in the Devi Purana, which is a great, sacred vow and observance of this vow brings fulfillment and defeats the enemies. Before the start of the Kurukshetra war, Lord Krishna advised the Pandavas to worship the Bandurga. The legendary Chhatrapati Shivaji also worshiped the fort during the war with the Mughals. Swords are worshiped to establish the power of the goddess during the Dashahara festival. On Thursday, the tenth day of the month, the housewives celebrate the good fortune of the family and worship the housewife. The festival of Somnath Brahma, which begins on the sixth day of the month of Bhadrab, is also celebrated on the tenth day. The Supreme Goddess Durga is encompassing all things in the world. He is Mahavidya, Mahamaya Mahayogeshwari. Since he has no ‘letter’ or end, he is ‘letter’.
According to the goddess Bhagavatam, on the advice of Brahma for the death of Ravana, Sriram wanted to worship the goddess in the spring. This is because the gods go to sleep from autumn to early autumn, from Asadha Shukla Ekadashi (Harishayan Ekadashi) to Hemant Shukla Ekadashi. At the behest of Brahma, on the sixth day of the Shuklapaksha of the Virgo, Sri Ramachandra organized a puja for the untimely realization of the Goddess. With the help of Shriram’s meditation, the goddess was found lying in a branch of a beech tree in the form of a virgin. Then on the seventh day the goddess was worshiped in the sixteenth treatment. Even then, as the goddess was asleep, on the eighth day she called on the yoginis and worshiped the goddess again. In the noise of the incoming yogis, the goddess simply fell asleep and fell asleep again. After this, Sri Ramachandra performed Sandhipuja at the end or end of the ninth and ninth of Ashtami. Twenty-four minutes to the eighth and twenty-fourth minutes to the ninth, this special treaty of Goddess Chamunda was held for a total of eighty-forty minutes. Shriram invoked Chamunda and begged to lift the goddess Durga. With the help of Chamunda, the goddess Durga was awakened on the ninth day. At that time, she saw the goddess as a virgin and performed special worship with the yoginis and offered her hundreds of blue lotus flowers at the same time. From that day on, the worship of the Virgin Goddess began.
Whether it is the autumnal Durga or the Basanti Durga Puja, idols were erected and worship rules were introduced with livelihoods, but the worship of the ghats has been around since time immemorial. Despite the growing popularity of idolatry, it has not been possible to exclude the original theory. Basanti Durga Puja is not particularly celebrated. The autumn Durga Puja, on the other hand, is now recognized as a public puja, but both the puja and its rules are almost the same. In addition to autumn worship and spring worship, mother worship is also performed in South Odisha on other days in accordance with the rules of the mother’s dream order or obedience. Ghat installation and ghat worship can also be seen here. There is even a rule that the ghat is held around the head.
The idol worship was only seen in two hundred years. The first to be seen were metal statues, but in just 100 to 150 years, the statues were widely distributed. But Ghat Puja, which has been practiced since the beginning, is still held. According to our culture, various worships are based on the Panchbhuta. That is, Ksit, Up, Marut and Byom. Man first worshiped the earth. Because the soil gave him shelter, he ate the fruit that came out of the soil and survived. Similarly water (up) is called life. He knew that life was impossible without water. So different settlements or settlements were built along the banks of the river. Later, some rivers became pilgrimages. The idol of the sun was considered to be a god. Of course he accepted the fire then. Pawan (Marut) and Akash (Byom) were also recognized as his deities. In the course of time these five demons associated with them are also considered to be part of the divine being or God. For example, the tree was worshiped as a deity and a stone, a metal, and so on. The religious nature of this Mahapanchabhutaman was- sound, touch, form, juice and smell. Again these are absorbed by our five senses i.e. ears, skin, eyes, tongue and nose.
Now let’s see which gods we invoke in this event. Of course, the holy waters of the Ganges, the Yamuna, the Godavari, the Saraswati, the Narmada, the Indus, and the Kaberi are mixed with water. The Indus is plotted in one incident, that is, at the point. Similarly, the disruptive Gananayaka, the god of water Barun, Indra and Dashdigapala, along with the Sun, Navagraha and the village deities are invoked and worshiped. On the other hand, Ghat is worshiped in memory of Shiva, Vishnu in the voice, Brahma in the lower part, the eighteenth mother in the middle, the Seven Seas in Kukshi, the seven islands of the earth and all the pilgrimages in the abdomen.
Sri Sri Durga Puja was performed in the autumn to kill Sri Ramachandra Ravana. This is called ‘untimely understanding’. Because the sun sets in the autumn. From the month of Shravan, the lunar eclipse of the sun; The ascending sun from the cloud. The night of the southern deity. So the perfect time to worship the Uttarayan deity. The goddess needs the grace of Ravana to kill Brahma, as he possesses infinite power in the bridegroom. So Brahma ordered Sri Ramachandra to start the procession of the goddess in the autumn. Sri Ramachandra was confused. The order of the creator Brahma and the deification of the gods and goddesses. Is the goddess awake or asleep? Will the goddess appear now? So she meditated and found out that the goddess Trishakha was lying in the womb as a “virgin” girl. Sriramchandra was bewildered by the sight. The goddess will be awakened. On the sixth day, on the instructions of Brahma, Sri Ramachandra performed ‘Bilwadhibas’. Worshiping the goddess in the sixteenth treatment on the seventh day of the sixth month, the goddess did not fall asleep. On the eighth day, Shriram called the yoginis and worshiped them. Therefore, the last sentence of the eighth and the first sentence of the ninth (24 + 24 = 48 minutes) were worshiped at the conclusion. This is called ‘peace worship’. With the help of Chamunda Devi, Sri Ramachandra performed this ‘Sandhipuja’. After the puja, that is, on the ninth day, the goddess awoke and appeared to Sri Ramachandra again as a “virgin”. So on the ninth day there is the practice of virgin worship. The virgin meets the yogini, the goddess and the supernatural. Sri Sri Chandi mentions that ‘all the women of the world are Su’, i.e. all women are a special part of the Brahmayi, Mahamaya Jagajjani. Although every woman is a part of Bhagwati, the Bhagavad-gita is especially popular among virgins. Unmarried girls for up to sixteen years are called virgins. As long as the bride is not menstruating, the “virgin” is as holy as Kusum. So until then the bride can be engaged in devotional service. During the Tretya period, Sri Ramachandra visited and worshiped the goddess Durga as a virgin, but later Sri Sri Ramakrishna and his disciple Vivekananda preached it extensively and also spread it by worshiping the virgin goddess Rasmani. Because among the virgins, Bhagavata felt existence. Therefore, on the ninth night of Durga Puja, some Brahmins of seven to eight years of age are worshiped with various sarees, adorned with sandals on their feet, eyelids on their eyes and sandalwood on their foreheads. This is called ‘Kuanri Lakshmi’ worship. Although not all virgins are worshiped on the ninth day in Odisha, virgins have been worshiped at the Ghoshghar Puja Mandap in Poonang village in Cuttack district since the time of Abahaman. It is said that those who observe this puja get the fruits of the quadrangle. Virgin worship is just a process of showing respect for women.
Soil is recovered from the river during Janmasthami, which is the first rule of Dashahra. Khadi is placed on the earthen statue of the mother during the holy Mahalaya. The real Durga Puja begins from Mahalaya. This is because from this day onwards there is 10 days between Durga Puja, which is said to be Dashahara in the Puranas. The actual rituals can be seen from the sixth to the tenth. Sixth: Belbharani is performed in the sixth puja to accommodate the mother, the bilwabaran, the mother. The puja is performed near the tree. Finally, at night, the eyes are painted with the eyes of the goddess idol, and the soul is established by mantras.
Saptami: On the seventh day, Navapatrika is worshiped, in which bananas, saru, manasaru, turmeric, ashoka, pomegranate, bell, jayanti and paddy are worshiped by these nine caste leaves by forming a statue of the fort. Chandipathahom: Home and wreaths are given along with the recitation of the book Devimahatmya (The Narrative of the Durga under the Markandeya Puranas). Ashtami: On Ashtami, the main treaty of the mother takes place. The period between the last sentence of Mahasthami and the first sentence of Mahanabami is called the time of peace. According to the scriptures, this is the time for the sacrifice of the goddess in the Sharadiya and Basanti Durga Puja. At this point the mother is sacrificed. In the past, animals were sacrificed, but nowadays they are sacrificed from pumpkins, watermelons and boiled water. In Odisha, women wear sari, feni, etc. on this day and wear new clothes after enjoying it with their mothers.
Ninth: In the ninth puja, fish are eaten on the mother’s back. Some puja committees like Alishabazar, Chandini Chowk in Cuttack enjoy large fish in the ninth puja.
Tenth: Ghat immersion and Bhasani. The last worship of the Dashmi Puja Maa is the unique worship of Aparajita Puja on this day. In some parts of Odisha, the women of Sahir are weeping as their daughters bid farewell to the mother to bid farewell to her mother in undefeated flowers. In addition, women play indigo. In many places, Sindur sports competitions. The main flavor of the day is yogurt.
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